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Course Outline
Virtualization Fundamentals
- Overview of Operating System Concepts: CPU, Memory, Network, and Storage
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Hypervisors
- Hypervisor as the "Supervisor of Supervisors"
- The distinction between the "Host" machine and the "guest" OS
- Type-1 (Bare Metal) vs. Type-2 (Hosted) Hypervisors
- Examples: Citrix XEN, VMware ESX/ESXi, MS Hyper-V, IBM LPAR
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Network Virtualization
- Brief introduction to the 7-Layer OSI Model
- Focus on the Network Layer
- TCP/IP Model or Internet Protocol
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Focus on a Single Vertical
- Application Layer: SSL
- Transport Layer: TCP
- Internet Layer: IPv4/IPv6
- Link Layer: Ethernet
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Packet Structure
- Addressing: IP Address and Domain Names
- Key Components: Firewall, Load Balancer, Router, Adapter
- Virtualized Network concepts
- Higher-order abstractions: Subnets, Zones
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Hands-on Exercise:
- Familiarize yourself with the ESXi cluster and vSphere client.
- Create and update networks within the ESXi Cluster, deploy guests from VMDK packages, and enable inter-connectivity between guests in an ESXi cluster.
- Modify a running VM instance and capture a snapshot.
- Update firewall rules in ESXi using the vSphere client.
2. Cloud Computing: A Paradigm Shift
- A fast, cost-effective runway to make products/solutions available to the world
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Resource Sharing
- Virtualization of the virtualized environment
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Key Benefits:
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Resource elasticity on-demand
- Ideate → Code → Deploy without requiring dedicated infrastructure
- Rapid CI/CD pipelines
- Environment isolation and vertical autonomy
- Security through layering
- Expense optimization
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Resource elasticity on-demand
- On-premise Cloud and Cloud Providers
- Cloud as an effective conceptual abstraction for distributed computing
3. Introduction to Cloud Solution Layers:
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IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)
- AWS, Azure, Google Cloud
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Choose one Provider to continue with later. AWS is recommended.
- Introduction to AWS VPC, AWS EC2, etc.
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PaaS (Platform as a Service)
- AWS, Azure, Google, CloudFoundry, Heroku
- Introduction to AWS DynamoDB, AWS Kinesis, etc.
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SaaS (Software as a Service)
- Very brief overview
- Examples: Microsoft Office, Confluence, Salesforce, Slack
- SaaS builds on PaaS, which builds on IaaS, which builds on Virtualization
4. IaaS Cloud Hands-on Project
- The project uses AWS as the IaaS Cloud Provider
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Use CentOS/RHEL as the operating system for the remainder of the exercise
- Alternatively, Ubuntu is acceptable, but RHEL/CentOS are preferred.
- Obtain individual AWS IAM accounts from your cloud admin
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Each student must complete these steps independently
- The ability to carve out your own entire infrastructure on-demand is the best demonstration of the power of cloud computing.
- Use AWS Wizards -- AWS online consoles -- to accomplish these tasks unless otherwise specified.
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Create a public VPC in the us-east-1 Region
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Create two Subnets (Subnet-1 and Subnet-2) in two different Availability Zones
- See https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonVPC/latest/UserGuide/VPC_Scenarios.html for reference.
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Create three separate Security Groups
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SG-Internet
- Allows incoming traffic from the Internet on https (443) and http (80)
- No other incoming connections allowed
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SG-Service
- Allows incoming traffic only from security group SG-Internet on https (443) and http (80)
- Allows ICMP only from SG-Internet
- No other incoming connections allowed
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SG-SSH:
- Allows SSH (port 22) incoming connection only from a single IP that matches the public IP of the student’s lab machine. In case the lab machine is behind a proxy, use the public IP of the proxy.
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SG-Internet
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Create two Subnets (Subnet-1 and Subnet-2) in two different Availability Zones
- Deploy an instance of an AMI pertaining to your chosen OS -- preferably the latest RHEL/CentOS versions available in AMIs -- and host the instance on Subnet-1. Attach the instance to SG-Service and SG-SSH groups.
- Access the instance using SSH from your lab machine.
- Install the NGINX server on this instance.
- Place static contents of your choice -- html pages, images -- to be served by NGINX (on port 80 over HTTP) and define URLs for them.
- Test the URL from that machine itself.
- Create an AMI image from this running instance.
- Deploy that new AMI and host the instance on Subnet-2. Attach the instance to SG-Service and SG-SSH groups.
- Run the NGINX server and validate that the access URL for the static content as created in step (i) works.
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Create a new “classic” Elastic Load Balancer and attach it to SG-Internet.
- Note the difference from Application Load Balancer and Network Load Balancer.
- Create a routing rule forwarding all http (80) and https (443) traffic to an instance group comprising the two instances created above.
- Using any certificate management tool -- java keytool, etc. -- create a key-pair and self-signed certificate and import the certificate to AWS Certificate Manager (ACM)
5. Cloud Monitoring: Introduction and Hands-on Project
- AWS CloudWatch metrics
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Go to the AWS CloudWatch dashboard for the instances
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Retrieve the relevant metrics and explain the variability with time
- https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/viewing_metrics_with_cloudwatch.html
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Retrieve the relevant metrics and explain the variability with time
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Go to the AWS CloudWatch dashboard for the ELB
- Observe the ELB metrics and explain their variability with time
- https://docs.aws.amazon.com/elasticloadbalancing/latest/classic/elb-cloudwatch-metrics.html
6. Advanced Concepts for Further Learning
- Hybrid Cloud -- on-premise and public cloud
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Migration: On-premise to public cloud
- Application code migration
- Database migration
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DevOps
- Infrastructure as Code
- AWS CloudFormation Template
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Auto-scaling
- AWS CloudWatch metrics to determine health
Requirements
There are no specific prerequisites for attending this course.
21 Hours
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