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Course Outline
Session 1 & 2: Basic and Advanced concepts of IoT architecture from security perspective
- A brief history of the evolution of IoT technologies.
- Data models in IoT systems – definition and architecture of sensors, actuators, devices, gateways, and communication protocols.
- Third-party devices and risks associated with vendor supply chains.
- Technology ecosystem – risks associated with device providers, gateway providers, analytics providers, platform providers, and system integrators.
- Edge-driven distributed IoT vs. cloud-driven central IoT: Advantages versus risk assessment.
- Management layers in IoT systems – Fleet management, asset management, sensor onboarding/deboarding, Digital Twins. Risks related to authorizations in management layers.
- Demo of IoT management systems including AWS, Microsoft Azure, and other fleet managers.
- Introduction to popular IoT communication protocols – Zigbee, NB-IoT, 5G, LORA, Wi-Spec – review of vulnerabilities in communication protocol layers.
- Understanding the entire IoT technology stack with a review of risk management.
Session 3: A check-list of all risks and security issues in IoT
- Firmware patching – the soft underbelly of IoT.
- Detailed review of security in IoT communication protocols: Transport layers (NB-IoT, 4G, 5G, LORA, Zigbee, etc.) and Application Layers – MQTT, WebSocket, etc.
- Vulnerability of API endpoints – a list of all possible APIs in IoT architecture.
- Vulnerability of gateway devices and services.
- Vulnerability of connected sensors and gateway communication.
- Vulnerability of gateway/server communication.
- Vulnerability of cloud database services in IoT.
- Vulnerability of application layers.
- Vulnerability of gateway management services (local and cloud-based).
- Risks associated with log management in edge and non-edge architectures.
Session 4: OWASP Model of IoT security, Top 10 security risks
- I1: Insecure Web Interface.
- I2: Insufficient Authentication/Authorization.
- I3: Insecure Network Services.
- I4: Lack of Transport Encryption.
- I5: Privacy Concerns.
- I6: Insecure Cloud Interface.
- I7: Insecure Mobile Interface.
- I8: Insufficient Security Configurability.
- I9: Insecure Software/Firmware.
- I10: Poor Physical Security.
Session 5: Review and Demo of AWS-IoT and Azure IoT security principles
- Microsoft Threat Model – STRIDE.
Details of STRIDE Model
- Securing device and gateway-to-server communication – Asymmetric encryption.
- X.509 certificates for public key distribution.
- SAS Keys.
- Bulk OTA risks and techniques.
- API security for application portals.
- Deactivation and disassociation of rogue devices from the system.
- Vulnerabilities within AWS/Azure security principles.
Session 6: Review of evolving NIST standards/recommendations for IoT
Review of NISTIR 8228 standard for IoT security – 30-point risk consideration model.
Third-party device integration and identification.
- Service identification & tracking.
- Hardware identification & tracking.
- Communication session identification.
- Management transaction identification and logging.
- Log management and tracking.
Session 7: Securing Firmware/Device
Securing debugging mode in firmware.
Physical security of hardware.
- Hardware cryptography – PUF (Physically Unclonable Function) – securing EPROM.
- Public PUF, PPUF.
- Nano PUF.
- Known classification of malware in firmware (18 families according to YARA rule).
- Study of popular firmware malware – Mirai, BrickerBot, GoScanSSH, Hydra, etc.
Session 8: Case Studies of IoT Attacks
- On October 21, 2016, a massive DDoS attack targeted Dyn DNS servers, shutting down many web services including Twitter. Hackers exploited default passwords and usernames of webcams and other IoT devices, installing the Mirai botnet on compromised devices. This attack will be studied in detail.
- IP cameras can be hacked through buffer overflow attacks.
- Philips Hue lightbulbs were hacked through their ZigBee link protocol.
- SQL injection attacks were effective against Belkin IoT devices.
- Cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks exploited the Belkin WeMo app to access data and resources permitted by the app.
Session 9: Securing Distributed IoT via Distributed Ledger – Blockchain and DAG (IOTA) [3 hours]
Distributed ledger technology – DAG Ledger, Hyperledger, Blockchain.
PoW, PoS, Tangle – a comparison of consensus methods.
- Differences between Blockchain, DAG, and Hyperledger – a comparison of their working mechanisms, performance, and decentralization.
- Real-time and offline performance of different DLT systems.
- P2P network, Private and Public Key basic concepts.
- Practical implementation of ledger systems – review of some research architectures.
- IOTA and Tangle – DLT for IoT.
- Practical application examples from smart cities, smart machines, and smart cars.
Session 10: Best practice architecture for IoT security
- Tracking and identifying all services in gateways.
- Never use MAC addresses; use package ID instead.
- Use an identification hierarchy for devices: board ID, Device ID, and package ID.
- Structure firmware patching by perimeter and conforming to service ID.
- PUF for EPROM.
- Secure risks of IoT management portals/applications through two layers of authentication.
- Secure all APIs – define API testing and API management.
- Identification and integration of consistent security principles in the logistics supply chain.
- Minimize patch vulnerabilities in IoT communication protocols.
Session 11: Drafting IoT security Policy for your organization
- Define the lexicon of IoT security and tensions.
- Suggest best practices for authentication, identification, and authorization.
- Identification and ranking of Critical Assets.
- Identification of perimeters and isolation for applications.
- Policy for securing critical assets, critical information, and privacy data.
Requirements
- Basic knowledge of devices, electronic systems, and data systems.
- Fundamental understanding of software and systems.
- Basic understanding of statistics (at an Excel proficiency level).
- Understanding of telecommunications verticals.
Summary
- An advanced training program covering the state-of-the-art security of the Internet of Things.
- Covers all aspects of firmware security, middleware, and IoT communication protocols.
- Provides a 360-degree view of various security initiatives in the IoT domain for those not deeply familiar with IoT standards, evolution, and future trends.
- Offers an in-depth exploration of security vulnerabilities in firmware, wireless communication protocols, and device-to-cloud communication.
- Crosses multiple technology domains to build awareness of security within IoT systems and their components.
- Includes live demonstrations of security aspects related to gateways, sensors, and IoT application clouds.
- Explains the 30 key risk considerations in current and proposed NIST standards for IoT security.
- Covers the OWASP model for IoT security.
- Provides detailed guidelines for drafting IoT security standards for an organization.
Target Audience
Engineers, managers, and security experts tasked with developing IoT projects or auditing/reviewing security risks.
21 Hours
Testimonials (1)
How friendly the trainer was. The flexibility and answering my questions.
